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AISI 304 ve 316 paslanmaz çeliğinin HCl ve H2SO4 çözeltilerindeki gerilim korozyon çatlaması davranışı

Stress corrosion cracking behavior of AISI 304 and 316 stainless steel in HCl and H2SO4 solutions

Journal Name:

  • Dicle Üniversitesi Mühendislik Fakültesi Mühendislik Dergisi

Publication Year:

  • 2016

Key Words:

Keywords (Original Language):

Author NameUniversity of Author
Abstract (2. Language): 
Stainless steel resists corrosion, maintains its strength in high temperatures, and so it is widely used in industries including automotive, health, food and chemical industries. Stainless steels are used in countless diverse applications for their corrosion resistance. However, work hardening has an effect on austenitic stainless steel resistance to stress corrosion cracking. Stress corrosion cracking is one of the most severe maintenance problems in power generation, nuclear and chemical industry. The stress corrosion cracking investigations has recently attracted the attentions of researchers. Stress corrosion cracking takes place in some main factors: a susceptible material, corrosive environment and mechanical stress problems. Many metallic parts operated in aggressive environments can be exposed to mechanical stresses. Especially, work-hardened low-carbon stainless steel induced by manufacturing processes has important consequences concerning stress corrosion cracking in different corrosive environments. It is of great importance to understand the environmental factors and mechanisms promoting the stress corrosion cracking in such environments. In this study, stress corrosion cracking behavior of AISI 304 stainless steel and AISI 316 stainless steel was investigated and stresses were induced into the materials by U-bending. This study aims to understand the stress corrosion cracking behavior of sensitized or non-sensitized AISI 304 and 316 austenitic stainless steel by using U-bend specimen in aggressive environments. Incorrect heat treatments, welded joints, or the metallic parts exposed to heat in operating conditions were estimated by the sensitization treatment. Stress corrosion cracking (SCC) behavior was determined in 10% HCl and 10% H2SO4 solution at room temperature. The results indicate that stress corrosion cracking behavior of stainless steel is essentially different from the sensitized stainless steel. Corrosion behavior was determined by weight loss and metallographic examinations. The study reveals that materials becomes more susceptible to corrosion by sensitizing. Especially in AISI 304 stainless steel, both SCC and transgranular corrosion can occur according to variable aggressive environments. On the other hand, it was observed that AISI 316 did not show corrosion behavior in both aggressive environments. It was observed that the stress corrosion cracking mechanism in HCl solution of AISI 304 stainless steel accompanied by shear bands. It was determined that the corrosion becomes prominently in intergranular mode in H2SO4 solution. It was seen that AISI 316 stainless steel has excellent corrosion resistance in both aggressive environments.
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Abstract (Original Language): 
Saldırgan ortamlarda çalışan metalik malzemelerin birçoğu mekanik gerilmelere maruz kalabilmektedir. Özellikle üretim proseslerinden dolayı deformasyon sertleşmesi indüklenmiş düşük karbonlu paslanmaz çelikler farklı korozif ortamlarda gerilme korozyonu çatlağı davranışı açısından önemli sonuçlar doğurabilmektedir. Böyle ortamlarda gerilmeli korozyon çatlağını teşvik eden çevresel faktörler ve mekanizmaları anlamak büyük önem taşımaktadır. Bu çalışma AISI 304 ve 316 paslanmaz çelik malzemelerinin hassaslaştırma ısıl işlemi öncesi ve sonrasında U-büküm numune kullanılarak agresif ortamlardaki gerilimli korozyon çatlağı davranışını anlamayı hedeflemektedir. Hassaslaştıma işleminin uygulanmasıyla yanlış ısıl işlem uygulamaları veya kaynaklı bağlantılar ya da işletme koşullarında ısıya maruz kalmış bölgeler temsil edilerek değerlendirilebilmiştir. Gerilimli korozyon çatlağı (GKÇ) davranışı Ubükülmüş malzemelere ortam sıcaklığında %10 HCl çözeltisinde ve %10 H2SO4 çözeltisinde belirlenmiştir. Sonuçlar paslanmaz çeliğin GKÇ davranışının temelde ısıl işlemle hassaslaştırılmış çeliğinkinden farklı olduğunu işaret etmektedir. Korozyon davranışı ağırlık kaybı ve metalografik incelemeler ile tespit edilmiştir. Çalışmalar, hassaslaştırma işlemi ile malzemelerin korozyona duyarlı hale gelerek özellikle AISI 304 malzemesinde agresif ortamın değişkenliğine göre hem GKÇ oluştuğunu hem de taneler arası korozyona yatkın hale gelebildiğini gösterirken, AISI 316 malzemesinde ise korozyon davranışı gözlemlenmediğini göstermiştir. AISI 304 paslanmaz çelik malzemesinde HCl ortamında GKÇ mekanizmasının kayma çizgileri boyunca etkin olduğu gözlemlenmiştir. H2SO4 ortamında ise korozyonun belirgin şekilde tanelerarası modda oluştuğu belirlenmiştir. AISI 316 paslanmaz çelik malzemesinin her iki ortamda da mükemmel korozyon direnci gösterdiği görülmüştür.
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