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AVRUPA BİRLİĞİ’NİN DIŞA DÖNÜK İNSAN HAKLARI POLİTİKASINDAKİ ETİKSEL SORUNLAR

ETHICAL CHALLENGES IN THE EU’S EXTERNAL HUMAN RIGHTS POLICY

Journal Name:

  • The Journal of Academic Social Science Studies

Publication Year:

  • 2015
DOI: 
http://dx.doi.org/10.9761/JASSS2710

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Keywords (Original Language):

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Abstract (2. Language): 
The European Union (EU) has promoted human rights in its external policy since the end of the Cold War. To achieve that aim, the EU has developed several diplomatic, political, and economic instruments. The EU prefers diplomatic instruments in conducting its external relations and its actions are based on dialogue and engagement. This has a great impact in the international arena in terms of promoting human rights and plays a key role in upholding human rights on a global scale. However, the EU has been criticized for the lack of effectiveness of its external human rights policy. Political and economic interests of the EU member states, difficulties in the consensus among EU states, the capacity of reciprocity of third countries, legality and consistency problems, and the lack of sufficient operational mechanism to evaluate, conduct and implement its human rights policy have all resulted in a less than effective external human rights policy. In addition, the EU’s external human rights policy has met with several ethical challenges, such as consistency, coherency, sovereignty, legality, credibility, and legitimacy. It is concluded that the external policy of the EU will continue to fluctuate between values, norms, and interests.
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Abstract (Original Language): 
Soğuk Savaş’ın sona ermesinden buyana Avrupa Birliği (AB), insan haklarını kendi dış ilişkilerinde ön plana çıkarmaktadır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda AB çeşitli diplomatik, politik ve ekonomik araçlar geliştirmiştir. AB dış ilişkilerinde diplomatik araçları tercih etmekte ve faaliyetlerini diyalog ve taahhüt temelinde yürütmektedir. Bu durum, insan haklarını uygulama bakımından uluslararası alanda büyük bir etki oluşturmakta ve insan haklarının küresel seviyede desteklenmesinde önemli bir rol oynamaktadır. Ancak Avrupa Birliği, dışa dönük insan hakları politikasının etkili olmadığından bahisle çeşitli eleştirilere maruz kalmıştır. AB ülkelerinin siyasi ve ekonomik çıkarları, üye ülkeler arasındaki uzlaşmadaki zorluklar, üçüncü ülkelerin mütekabiliyet kapasiteleri, meşruluk ve tutarlılık problemleri ve insan hakları politikasını değerlendiren, yürüten ve uygulayan yeterli fiili bir mekanizmanın bulunmayışı dışa doğru daha az etkili bir insan hakları politikasının izlenmesine neden olmaktadır. Bununla birlikte, AB’nin dışa dönük insan hakları politikası tutarlılık, uyumluluk, egemenlik, kanunilik, inanılırlılık ve meşruiyet gibi çeşitli etiksel problemler ile karşı karşıya kalmıştır. Sonuç olarak AB’nin dış politikasının değerler, normlar ve çıkarlar arasında gidip gelerek şekillenmeye devam edeceği vurgulanmıştır.
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