Buradasınız

Anasayfa » Content

Toprak Koşullarına Bağlı Olarak Tarla Kapasitesi Dinamiği

Field capacity dynamics affected by soil properties

Journal Name:

  • Gaziosmanpaşa Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi

Publication Year:

  • 2014

Key Words:

Keywords (Original Language):

Author NameUniversity of AuthorFaculty of Author
Abstract (2. Language): 
Field capacity is a soil hydraulic property, which is used widely but not identified in full. Traditionally, field capacity is the amount of soil moisture or water content held in soil after excess water is drained away and downward movement stops. In reality, a true field capacity is never reached since soil water continuously drains after readily drained soil water leaves the soil. A universally accepted threshold value for soil water flow rate to be negligible has not been determined yet. Soil water flow rate of a clay soil at field capacity is far greater than that of a coarse textured soil. In this regard, a universally applicable threshold value of soil water flow rate should be set for sand, loamy and clay soils. This value may be used as a reference for field capacity for soil texture classes, and corresponding soil water pressure may be used as “soil water pressure” for field capacity of related soil texture classes. In this literature review, the previous assumptions on field capacity and new definitions were evaluated and application of field capacity was discussed.
Bookmark/Search this post with
Abstract (Original Language): 
Tarla kapasitesi yaygın olarak kullanılan fakat halen tartışılan bir toprak hidrolik özelliğidir. Geleneksel olarak tarla kapasitesi; doygun bir topraktaki su serbest drenajla uzaklaştıktan ve suyun yerçekimi yönünde dikey hareketi durduktan sonra toprakta tutulan su miktarı veya toprak su içeriği olarak tanımlanır. Bu tanıma göre, gerçekte toprakta tarla kapasitesine asla ulaşılamaz. Bunun nedeni, toprakta büyük gözeneklerde zayıf tutulan suyun hızla uzaklaşmasından sonra, geriye kalan suyun yavaşta olsa toprakta hareket etmesidir. Toprakta yerçekimi yönündeki su hareketinin ihmal edilebilmesi için toprak suyu hareket hızının ne olduğuna dair evrensel anlamda kabul görmüş bir eşik değeri henüz belirlenmemiştir. Kaldı ki teorik olarak tarla kapasitesinde killi bir topraktaki su hareketinin kumlu bir topraktakine göre çok daha yüksek olduğu bilinmektedir. Bu bağlamda, tarla kapasitesi için belirli bir toprak suyu hareket hızının eşik değer olarak kabul edilmesi gerekmektedir. Bu eşik değerin farklı toprak tekstürlerinde karşılık bulduğu toprak suyu basıncı tarla kapasitesi için esas alınabilir. Bu literatür çalışmasında, tarla kapasitesi üzerine daha önce yapılmış tanımlar ve yeni kavramlar tartışılarak, toprak tekstürü başta olmak üzere toprak özellikleri ile tarla kapasitesi arasındaki ilişkiler irdelenmiştir.
FULL TEXT (PDF): 
PDF icon arastirmax-toprak-kosullarina-bagli-olarak-tarla-kapasitesi-dinamigi.pdf
  • 1
1
11
  • Turkish

REFERENCES

References: 

Ahuja LR, Nachabe MH and Rockiki R (2000). Soils: Field capacity, in Encyclopedia of Water Science, 2nd ed., edited by S.W. Trimble, B. A. Stewart, and T. A. Howell, pp. 1128–1131, CRC Press, Boca Raton, Fla. (Available at http://www.informaworld.com/10.1081/E-EWS2-120010264).
KARAHAN ve ark./ JAFAG (2014) 31 (1), 1-11
11
Anonim (2013). en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Soil Science, January 2013.
Anonyoumus (1998). http://soils.usda.gov( National Soil Survey Center in cooperation with the Soil Quality Institute, NRCS, USDA, and the National Soil Tilth Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, USDA).
Briggs LJ and McLane JW (1910). Moisture equivalent determinations and their application, Proc. Am. Soc. Agron., 2, 138–147.
Briggs LJ and Shantz HL (1912). The wilting coefficient for different plants and its indirect determination, Plant Ind. Bull. 230, U. S. Dep. Of Agric., Washington, D. C.
Cassel DK and Nielsen DR (1986). Field capacity and available water capacity. In „Methods of soil analysis. Part 1, Physical and mineralogical methods‟. (Ed. A Klute) pp. 901-926. (American Society of Agronomy and Soil Science Society of America: Madison, WI ).
Colman EA (1947). „A laboratory procedure for determining the field capacity of soils.‟SS, 63, 277.
Dirksen C and Matula S (1994). Automated atomized water spray system for soil hydraulic conductivity measurements, Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., 58, 319– 325. FAO (1985). http://www.fao.org/docrep/R4082E/R4082E00. htm, Irrigation Water Management. Gardner WR (1968). Availability and measurement of soil water.p.107-135. In T.T. Kozlowski (ed) water deficit and plant growth. Vol. 1 Academic Press, Inc., New York, NY. Gardner WR (1970). Field measurement of soil water diffusivity. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. Proc. 34:832-833.
Hillel D (1980). Fundamentals of Soil Physics. Academic Press, 413 pp., N.Y, USA. Hillel D (1991). Out of the Earth: Civilisation and the Life of the Soil. University of California Press, Berkeley, Californie.
Hillel D (1998). Redistribution of water in soil, in Environmental Soil Physics, edited by D. Hillel, pp. 449– 470, Academic, San Diego, Calif. Hudson, B.D.(1994). Soil Organic Matter and Available Water Capasity. Journal of Soil andWater Conservation 49 (1994), 189-194.
Jury WA, Gardner WR and Gardner WH (1991). Soil Physics. 5 th ed. John Wiley & Sons, N.Y.
Kirkham MB (2005). Principles of soil and plant water relations. Boston: Elsevier Academic Press.
Linsley RK and Franzini JB (1972). Water resources engineering. McGraw-Hill Inc., New York.
Meyer PD and Gee G (1999). Flux-based estimation of field capacity. ASCE Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering 125(7), 595-599.
Miller EE and Klute A (1967). „The Dynamics of soil water I: Mechanical forces‟, Irrigation of agriculturel lands, R.M. Hagannn et al., eds., American Society of Agronomy, Madison, Wis., 209-244.
Nachabe MH (1998). Refining the interpretation of field capacity in the literature. ASCE J. Irrig. Drain. Eng. 1998, 124 (4), 230–232.
Ochs WJ, Willardson LS, Camp Jr. CR, Donnan WW, Winger Jr. RJ and Johnston WR (1980). Drainage requirements and systems. In „Design and operation of farm irrigation systems‟. (Ed. ME Jensen), pp. 235-277. (American Society of Agricultural Engineering: St. Joseph).
O'Geen AT (2012). Soil Water Dynamics. Nature Education Knowledge 3(6):12.
Pritchett W L (1979). Proporties and Management of Forest Soils, John Willey and Sons, N.Y.
Ratliff LF, Ritch JT and Casse DK (1983). Field-measured limits of soil water availability as related to labaratory-measured properties. Soil Sci.Soc.Am. J. 47:770-775.
Richards L A and Weaver LR (1944). Moisture retention by some irrigated soils as related to soil moisture tension, J. Agric. Res., 69, 215– 235.
Romano N (1993). Use of an inverse method and geostatistics to estimate soil hydraulic conductivity for spatial variability analysis. Geoderma 60:169-186.
Romano N and Santini A (2002). Field, in Methods of Soil Analysis. Part 4, Physical Methods, Soil Sci. Soc. Am. Book Ser., vol. 5, edited by J. H. Dane and G. C. Topp, pp. 721– 738, Soil Sci. Soc. of Am., Madison, Wis.
Rose CW, Stern WR and Drummond JE (1968). Determination of hydraulic conductivity as a fucntion of depth and water content for a soil situ. Austr. J. Soil Res. 3:1-9.
Soil Quality Indicators (2008). USDA Natural Resources Conservation Servise, June 2008.
Soil Quality Resources Concerns (1998). Avaible Water Capasity. USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service, .
Stephens DB (1994). A perspective on diffuse natural recharge mechanisms in area of low precipitation. Soil Sci.Soc. Am. J. 58:40-48.
Twarakavi NKC, Sakai M and Simonek J (2009). An objective analysis of the dynamic nature of field capacity. Water Resources Research, Vol. 45, W10410, doi: 1029/2009WR007944, 2009.
Veihmeyer FJ and Hendrickson AH (1931). The moisture equivalent as a measure of field capacity. Soil Sci., 32, 181-193.

Thank you for copying data from http://www.arastirmax.com