You are here

Neuropharmacological Consequences of Variant Drugs

Journal Name:

Publication Year:

Abstract (2. Language): 
Neuropharmacological effects deals with the influence of drugs on nervous system which harvest the changes in mood, behavioral action of an individual. The drugs are characterized by the chemical substances that communicate with the neurons which have different impacts on nervous system. It may either conducts the abusive or pleasure response which depends on the neural chemicals activity and concerns with the licit and illicit drugs. The elucidation of drugs via LC/MS shows its exertion on the brain components. The computational model helps in the identification of signaling pathways that trigger or inhibit the neurotransmitters. The licit drugs have indisputable responses on CNS. It imparts neuroprotection by either stimulating or inhibiting the receptor, by down regulation yield antinociceptors. However, the illicit drugs have negative acknowledgment on the body as in nicotine the fewer amounts provides benefits but in higher amount mimics the activity of brain receptors and replaces it. Many other drugs induce neurodegenerative disorders. Due to advances in field of neuropharmacology innumerable drugs are available for feasible treatment. The main objective of this review is neuropharmacological consequences in correlation to licit and illicit drugs that what type of responses generated by using these drugs, the neurodegenerative disorders, and their restoration via current treatment.
195
204

REFERENCES

References: 

[1] Lovinger, David M. “Communication networks in the brain: Neurons, receptors, neurotransmitters, and
alcohol.” Alcohol Research & Health Vol. 31, No. 3, 2008, p. 196.
[2] McNamara, Patrick, and Raymon Durso. “Neuropharmacological treatment of mental dysfunction in Parkinson’s
disease.” Behavioural Neurology Vol. 17, No. 1, 2006, pp. 43-51.
[3] Jia, Jia, et al. “Neuropharmacological actions of metformin in stroke.” Current Neuropharmacology Vol. 13, No.
3, 2015, pp. 389-94.
Amjad Butt, et al. Int J Med Res Health Sci 2017, 6(11): 195-204
203
[4] Soto, Enrique, Rosario Vega, and Emmanuel Seseña. “Neuropharmacological basis of vestibular system disorder
treatment.” Journal of Vestibular Research Vol. 23, No. 3, 2013, pp. 119-37.
[5] Exley, R., and S. J. Cragg. “Presynaptic nicotinic receptors: A dynamic and diverse cholinergic filter of striatal
dopamine neurotransmission.” British Journal of Pharmacology Vol. 153, No. S1, 2008.
[6] Ferrante, Michele, et al. “Computational models of neuronal biophysics and the characterization of potential
neuropharmacological targets.” Current Medicinal Chemistry Vol. 15, No. 24, 2008, pp. 2456-71.
[7] Sałaga, Maciej, et al. “Neuropharmacological characterization of the oneirogenic Mexican plant Calea zacatechichi
aqueous extract in mice.” Metabolic Brain Disease Vol. 31, No. 3, 2016, pp. 631-41.
[8] Kamel, Mohsen M., and Yasmin M. Syam. “Structure and physicochemical properties in relation to drug
action.” Egyptian Pharmaceutical Journal Vol. 12, No. 2, 2013, p. 95.
[9] Aradi, Ildiko, and Péter Érdi. “Computational neuropharmacology: Dynamical approaches in drug
discovery.” Trends in Pharmacological Sciences Vol. 27, No. 5, 2006, pp. 240-43.
[10] Kooti, Wesam, et al. “Phytochemistry, pharmacology, and therapeutic uses of black seed (Nigella sativa).” Chinese
Journal of Natural Medicines Vol. 14, No. 10, 2016, pp. 732-45.
[11] Rehman, Hafiza Ayesha, et al. “Phytochemical relationship of Euphorbia helioscopia and Euphorbia pulcherrima
with Lactuca sativa.” Natural Product Research Vol. 28, No. 20, 2014, pp. 1725-31.
[12] Rathod, N. R., et al. “Free radical scavenging activity of Calotropis gigantea on streptozotocin-induced diabetic
rats.” Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences Vol. 71, No. 6, 2009, p. 615.
[13] Polosa, Riccardo, and Pasquale Caponnetto. “E-cigarettes and smoking cessation: A critique of a New
England Journal Medicine-commissioned case study.” Internal and Emergency Medicine Vol. 12, No. 1,
2017, pp. 129-31.
[14] Todd, Dylan. “Congenital Cocaine Syndrome.” MedLink Corporation. 28 Nov. 1994, http://www.medlink.com/
article/congenital_cocaine_syndrome
[15] Galvalisi, Martín, et al. “Caffeine induces a stimulant effect and increases dopamine release in the nucleus
accumbens shell through the pulmonary inhalation route of administration in rats.” Neurotoxicity Research Vol.
31, No. 1, 2017, pp. 90-98.
[16] Farrell, Michael. “Poisonous plants, animals, bacteria, and drugs.” Criminology of Homicidal Poisoning.
Springer, Cham, 2017, pp. 63-77.
[17] Williamson, Elizabeth M. “Herbal neurotoxicity: An introduction to its occurrence and causes.” Toxicology of
Herbal Products. Springer International Publishing, 2017, pp. 345-62.
[18] Chen, Xue-Qing, et al. “Discovery pharmaceutics-Challenges and opportunities.” The AAPS Journal Vol. 8, No.
2, 2006, pp. E402-E408.
[19] Ahmadiani, Saeed, and Shekoufeh Nikfar. “Challenges of access to medicine and the responsibility of
pharmaceutical companies: a legal perspective.” DARU Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences Vol. 24, No. 1,
2016, p. 13.
[20] Joanna, Listos, et al. “Mephedrone exposure in adolescent rats alters the rewarding effect of morphine in
adults.” European Journal of Pharmacology 2017.
[21] Alexander, Peter D., et al. “A comparison of psychotic symptoms in subjects with methamphetamine versus
cocaine dependence.” Psychopharmacology Vol. 234, No. 9-10, 2017, pp. 1535-47.
[22] Li, Ren-Shi, et al. “Metabolomic profiling of brain tissues of mice chronically exposed to heroin.” Drug
Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics Vol. 32, No. 1, 2017, pp. 108-11.
[23] Wurcel, Alysse G., et al. “Emerging and under-recognized complications of illicit drug use.” Clinical Infectious
Diseases Vol. 61, No. 12, 2015, pp. 1840-49.
[24] Johnston, Atholl, and David W. Holt. “Substandard drugs: A potential crisis for public health.” British Journal
of Clinical Pharmacology Vol. 78, No. 2, 2014, pp. 218-43.
Amjad Butt, et al. Int J Med Res Health Sci 2017, 6(11): 195-204
204
[25] Volkin, David B., et al. “Two decades of publishing excellence in pharmaceutical biotechnology.” Journal of
Pharmaceutical Sciences Vol. 104, No. 2, 2015, pp. 290-300.
[26] Bozoky, Zoltan, et al. “Synergy of cAMP and calcium signaling pathways in CFTR regulation.” Proceedings of
the National Academy of Sciences Vol. 114, No. 11, 2017, pp. E2086-E2095.
[27] Islam, Mohammad Hayatul, Iffat Zareen Ahmad, and Mohammad Tariq Salman. “Neuroprotective effects of
Nigella sativa extracts during germination on central nervous system.” Pharmacognosy Magazine Vol. 11. Suppl
1, 2015, p. S182.
[28] Beheshti, Farimah, Majid Khazaei, and Mahmoud Hosseini. “Neuropharmacological effects of Nigella
sativa.” Avicenna Journal of Phytomedicine Vol. 6, No. 1, 2016, p. 104.
[29] Ahmad, Aftab, et al. “A review on therapeutic potential of Nigella sativa: A miracle herb.” Asian Pacific Journal
of Tropical Biomedicine Vol. 3, No. 5, 2013, pp. 337-52.
[30] Singh, Kundan Kr, Gajendra P. Rauniar, and Himal Sangraula. “Experimental study of neuropharmacological
profile of Euphorbia pulcherrima in mice and rats.” Journal of Neurosciences in Rural Practice Vol. 3, No. 3,
2012, p. 311.
[31] Ernst, Madeleine, et al. “Evolutionary prediction of medicinal properties in the genus Euphorbia L.” Scientific
Reports Vol. 6, 2016, p. 30531.
[32] Khan, Irfan Newaz, Md Mominul Islam Sarker, and Marzina Ajrin. “Sedative and anxiolytic effects of ethanolic
extract of Calotropis gigantea (Asclepiadaceae) leaves.” Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine Vol. 4,
2014, pp. S400-S404.
[33] Adeniyi, Philip Adeyemi, and Olalekan Micheal Ogundele. “Smoke and ethanolic extract of nicotiana tabacum
altered hippocampal histology and behaviour in mice.” Journal of Cell and Animal Biology Vol. 8, No. 3, 2014,
pp. 34-40.
[34] Kishore, Kamal. “Monograph of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum).” Indian Journal of Drugs Vol. 2, No. 1, 2014,
pp. 5-23.
[35] Koob, George F. “Drugs of abuse: Anatomy, pharmacology and function of reward pathways.” Trends in
Pharmacological Sciences Vol. 13, 1992, pp. 177-84.
[36] Basu, Sutapa, and Deeptanshu Basu. “The relationship between psychoactive drugs, the brain and psychosis.”
2016.
[37] Korolev, Igor O. “Alzheimer’s disease: A clinical and basic science review.” Medical Student Research
Journal Vol. 4, 2014, pp. 24-33.
[38] Zhu, Haihao, et al. “Amylin receptor ligands reduce the pathological cascade of Alzheimer’s
disease.” Neuropharmacology Vol. 119, 2017, pp. 170-81.

Thank you for copying data from http://www.arastirmax.com