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Çocukluk Çağında Beslenme ve Osteoporoz

NUTRITION AND OSTOEPOROSIS IN CHILDHOOD

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Abstract (2. Language): 
Osteoporosis is one of the life style related diseases. Therefo¬re, from the viewpoint of prevention, daily diet and nutrient intake are important. Chronically low intakes of vitamin D and possibly trace elements and vitamins K, B12, B6 and folic acid may predispose to osteoporosis. Similarly, chronically high intakes of protein, sodium chloride and caffeine may also adversely affect bone health. The typical Western diet (high in pro¬tein, salt and refined, processed foods: fast food) may contri¬bute to the increasing incidence of osteoporosis in children. An adequate intake of calcium together with nutrient balan¬ce plays an essential role in maintaining and promoting health and preventing osteoporosis. The optimal dietary level of a nutrient may vary from individual to individual and may chan¬ge with age, intake of other nutrients, disease, drug therapy, or growth. The present review focuses on osteoporosis in children and the concept of optimal nutrition with respect to some nutrients, such as calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, flu¬oride and vitamin D. Primary child health and care providers such as: doctors, nurses, dietitians and health teachers should be given intensive information about dietary requirements and about important nutrients for children.
Abstract (Original Language): 
Osteoporoz yaşam biçimiyle ilişkili hastalıklardan birisidir. Bu nedenle, hastalığı önleme açısından bakıldığında, günlük diyet ve besin alımı önemlidir. Vitamin D ile birlikte, olasılıkla eser elementler, K, B12, B6 vitamini ve folik asitin kronik olarak düşük miktarda alımı, osteoporoza predispozisyon oluşturabilir. Benzer şekilde, kronik olarak yüksek miktarda protein, sodyum klorür ve kafein alımı da kemik sağlığını olumsuz yönde etkile¬yebilir. Tipik Batı tarzı diyet (proteince zengin, tuzlu, rafine ve işlenmiş yiyecekler: fast-food) çocuklarda giderek artan osteoporoz insidansıyla ilişkili olabilir. Dengeli bir beslenmeyle bir¬likte, yeterli miktarda kalsiyum alımı, osteoporozun önlenme¬sinde esansiyel bir rol oynar. Bir besinin, diyetteki yeterlilik dü¬zeyi, kişiden kişiye değişebildiği gibi, yaş, diğer besinlerin alımı, hastalıklar, ilaç tedavisi ve büyümeye göre de değişebilir. Bu derleme, çocuklarda osteoporoz ile kalsiyum, fosfor, magnez¬yum, flor ve vitamin D gibi bazı besinlerle ilişkili optimal beslenme konsepti üzerine odaklanmıştır. Doktor, hemşire, diye¬tisyen ve sağlık eğitmenleri gibi primer çocuk sağlığı ve bakı¬mıyla uğraşanlar, çocuklar için önemli besinler ve diyet gereksinimleri hakkında, yoğun bir şekilde bilgilendirilmelidir.
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