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HÜSEYİN TEVFİK PASHA - THE INVENTOR OF 'LINEAR ALGEBRA'

Hüseyin Tevfik Pasha - The Inventor of 'Linear Algebra

Journal Name:

  • Osmanlı Bilimi Araştırmaları

Publication Year:

  • 2007

Key Words:

Keywords (Original Language):

Author NameUniversity of Author
Abstract (2. Language): 
Linear algebra constitutes today one of the most important basic theories of modern mathematics. During the period of the curricular reform movement, also called "modern mathematics", linear algebra even replaced proper geometry teaching within the school curriculum. While comparing mathematical cultures, it might be useful to comment on developments at the "periphery", where their innovations often go beyond the state of the art attained in the "metropoles," even though these innovations may be noticed indirectly at best. Hüseyin Tevfik Pasha (1832-1901), educated at the 'Mühendishane' (Military School of Engineering) at Istanbul, was active there and in private endeavours of teaching mathematics and the sciences. His Linear Algeba saw two editions in Istanbul in 1882 and 1892. Tevfik Pasha's notion of "linear algebra" originates from an approach aiming at generalizing the notion of multiplication to lines in the two- and the three-dimensional case, thus establishing a version of vectorial calculus. His focus on Argand as his source of motivation was conditioned by the lens of reception as practiced by Tait's school of quaternionists.
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  • Turkish

REFERENCES

References: 

• Argand, Essai sur une Maniere de Representer les Quantites Imaginaires dans les Constructions Geometriques. 2e ed. precedee d'une preface par M. J. Houel et suivie d'un appendice contenant des extraits des Annales de Gergonne, relatifs â la question des imaginaires. Paris: Gauthier-Villars, 1874.
• Argand, Imaginary Quantities: their geometrical interpretation. Translated from the French ... by Prof. A. S. Hardy. [With a preface by G. J. Houel]. New York: Van Nostrand, 1881.
•
Kâzım Çeçen, "Introduction", Hüseyin Tevfik Paşa ve Linear algebra, ed. Kâzım Çeçen (Istanbul, 1988), pp.13-17.
•
Kâzım Çeçen (ed.), Hüseyin Tevfik Paşa ve Linear Algebra. Istanbul: İTÜ Bilim ve Teknoloji Tarihi Araştırma Merkezi, 1988.
• Gregory H. Moore, "The Axiomatization of Linear Algebra: 1875-1940," Historia Mathematica, vol.22, 1995, pp.262-303.
• Augustus de Morgan, Trigonometry and Double Algebra (London: Taylor, Walton
and Maberly, 1849).
• Lewis Pyenson, "Pure Learning and Political Economy: Science and European Expansion in the Age of Imperialism", New Trends in the History of Science, eds. R.P.W. Visser et al. Amsterdam: Rodolpi, 1989, pp.209-278.
• De Volson Wood, The Elements of Coordinate Geometry. New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1879.
• Gert Schubring, "Introduction - Reflections on the Complex History of Grassmann's Reception," ed. Gert Schubring, Hermann Günther Grafimann (1809¬1877): Visionary Mathematician, Scientist and Neohumanist Scholar. Papers from a Sesquicentennial Conference. Dordrecht / Boston / London: Kluwer, 1996, pp.ix-xxix.
• Gert Schubring, "Argand and the early work on graphical representation: New sources and interpretations," Around Caspar Wessel and the Geometric Representation of Complex Numbers. Proceedings of the Wessel Symposium at The Royal Danish Academy of Sciences and Letters, Copenhagen, August 11-15 1998: Invited Papers. Matematisk-fysiske Meddelelser 46:2, Jesper Lützen (ed.), Copenhagen: C.A.Reitzel, 2001, pp.125-146.
• Gert Schubring, "Il calcolo vettoriale di Grassmann," Storia della scienza, ed. Sandro Petruccioli, Vol.VII: LOttocento (Roma: Istituto dell' Enciclopedia Italiana,
2003), pp.147-149.
• Hüseyin Tevfik Pacha, Linear Algebra. Constantinople: A.H. Boyajian, 1882.
• Hüseyin Tevfik Pacha, Linear Algebra. Second edition, revised and enlarged. Constantinople: A.H. Boyajian, 1892.
• Alfred N. Whitehead, Treatise on Universal Algebra with Applications. Cambridge: University Press, 1898.

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