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AKUSTİK GİTAR TASARIMINDA MALZEMEDEN İLHAM ALAN YENİLİKÇİLİK

MATERIALS-INSPIRED INNOVATION FOR ACOUSTIC GUITAR DESIGN

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Abstract (2. Language): 
This paper presents a case study of research leading to a significant innovation in the acoustic guitar sector (1). The acoustic guitar is a result of centuries of design and development with wood, and has evolved into an archetypal and traditional product with a relatively conservative user base. As with many other product sectors, most acoustic guitars are now mass-produced in China, where low labour costs contribute to an average out-of-factory price of just $20 USD. This paper describes research into a dramatic shift in guitar materials, away from wood fabrication, towards the assembly of industrially moulded thermoplastic components. It is proposed that such a shift in materials can lead to competitive massmanufacture of acoustic guitars outside of low labour cost countries, whilst invigorating the design of this popular musical instrument. Emphasis is placed on articulating the technical, aesthetic, market, and commercial requirements of a thermoplastic acoustic guitar. The crucial issue of sourcing appropriate forms of advice to aid product design is discussed. Focus is on the guitar soundboard, as the principal sound-generating component of the instrument. Three conclusions are reached, based on the patented soundboard technology that emerged from the research. First, instruments constructed with foamed polycarbonate soundboards can rival the quality of wood counterparts, opening the way for a possible new industry of polymer musical instruments. Second, foamed polycarbonate soundboards have physical material properties surprisingly different to wood yet give equivalent acoustic performance. And third, innovation in this product sector benefits more from designerly ways of knowing and operating and less from scientific discoveries.
Abstract (Original Language): 
Bu makale, akustik gitar sektöründe önemli bir yeniliğe (inovasyona) öncülük eden araştırmaya ait vaka çalışmasını sunmaktadır. Görece tutucu bir kullanıcı kitlesine sahip olan akustik gitar, ahşap ile bütünleşen yüzyıllık tasarım ve gelişmenin sonucu olarak geleneksel bir ürün haline gelmiştir. Diğer birçok ürün sektöründe olduğu gibi, akustik gitarların da pekçoğu Çin’de endüstriyel olarak üretilmekte ve düşük işçilik maliyetleri sayesinde ortalama fabrika çıkış fiyatları sadece 20 ABD dolarını bulmaktadır. Bu makalede, el imalatı ahşaptan uzaklaşıp endüstriyel olarak kalıplanmış termoplastik parça montajına yönelerek, gitar malzemesinde atılan cesur bir adımı anlatan araştırma ele alınmaktadır. Araştırma, böyle bir malzeme değişikliğinin düşük maliyet ile işçi çalıştıran ülkelerin haricinde rekabetçi endüstriyel akustik gitar üretimine de destek vermesini ve bu popüler müzik aletinin tasarımını canlandırmasını öngörmektedir. Araştırmanın anlatımı içerisinde termoplastik akustik gitarın teknik, estetik, pazar ve ticari gereksinimlerine önem verilmiştir; ürün tasarımını geliştirecek uygun tavsiyelerin nasıl derleneceği tartışılmıştır. Bu sırada, enstrümanın sesi üreten temel parçası olan ön paneli üzerine odaklanılmaktadır. Araştırma, patent alınmış olan gitar ön ses paneli teknolojisiyle desteklenen üç sonuca ulaşmıştır. Birinci sonuç, sünger yapılı polikarbonattan yapılan ön ses panelinin ahşap benzerlerinin kalitesiyle rekabet etmesidir: böyle bir sonuç polimer müzik aletlerine yönelik yeni bir endüstriye yol açma potansiyeline sahiptir. İkinci sonuç, sünger yapılı polikarbonat ses panellerinin fiziksel malzeme özelliklerinin ahşaptan çok farklı olmakla birlikte birbirlerine eşdeğer akustik performans gösterdikleridir. Üçüncü sonuç ise, bu ürün sektöründe yenilikçiliğin daha çok tasarımcı yaklaşımlı bilme ve yapmaya dayalı oluşu ve bilimsel buluştan görece daha az destek almış olmasıdır.
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