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Referans Fiyat ve İlaç Piyasası

Reference Pricing and Pharmacutical Market

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Abstract (2. Language): 
There has been a dramatic increase in the public expenditure on pharmaceuticals in all countries. Consequently, debates on controlling the expenditure on pharmaceuticals become an important issue. Therefore, reference price system, which is a common tool to control pharmaceutical expenditures, has been started to use in many countries. A reference price system is a system where the authorities or the insurance companies fix a maximum reimbursement level for a group of medicines. It is assumed that such kind of arrangement in the pharmaceuticals market will increase the competition and thereby cause a decrease in the prices and expenditures on pharmaceuticals. This study aims at evaluating the effects of reference pricing on the prices and expenditure on pharmaceuticals by comparing different country experiences. In general one can say that there was no decrease in the pharmaceutical expenditures in different countries the short run. Therefore, in addition to the reference pricing demand based policies aims at controlling consumption of pharmaceutical products have also been started to apply in many countries.
Abstract (Original Language): 
Kamu ilaç harcamalarının bütün ülkelerde belirgin bir biçimde arttığı görülmektedir. Dolayısıyla ilaç harcamalarının kontrol altına alınması yönündeki tartışmalar önemli bir konu haline gelmiştir. Bu yüzden ilaç harcamalarının kontrolü amacıyla en sık kullanılan yöntemlerden biri olan referans fiyat birçok ülkede uygulanmaya başlanmıştır. Referans fiyat sistemi ilgili otoritenin ya da sigorta şirketinin belli bir grupta yer alan ilaçlar için geri ödemeye esas en yüksek düzeyin belirlerlendiği bir sistemdir. İlaç piyasasına yönelik bu şekildeki bir düzenlemenin rekabetin artmasını sağlayarak ilaç fiyatlarında ve harcamalarında azalmaya neden olacağı varsayılmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı referans fiyatlanmanın ilaç fiyatları ve harcamaları üzerine etkileri olup olmadığını ülke uygulamalarını karşılaştırarak değerlendirmektir. Genel olarak bakıldığında ülkelerdeki ilaç harcamaları kısa dönemde bir azalma göstermemiştir. Bu yüzden birçok ülkede referans fiyatlamaya ek olarak ilaç tüketimini kontrol altına almaya yönelik talep yönlü politikalar da uygulanmaya başlanmıştır.
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