Bir Şey Anlat(maya Çalış)mak H. Paul Grice'a Eleştirel Bir Bakış

When the Speaker means something to the Hearer, he tries to give either non-linguistic messages by non-linguistic expression, or linguistic messages by linguistic expression, or over-lingu-istic messages by linguistic expression. H. P. Grice, building upon the way of meaning in which we try to give over-linguistic messages by linguistic expressions (i.e. "non-natural meaning, in other words "utterer's occasion meaning") in his meaning analysis, rules out the way of meaning in which we try to give non-linguistic messages by non-linguistic expression (i.e. "natural meaning") by distinguishing it from the concept of meaning something and argues that all the other ways of meaning would be explained in terms of this basic way of meaning; and for him, this can be done only on the basis of the concepts of "intention", "co-operative principles", "maxims of quality, quantity, relation and manner", and "conversational implicatures". Grice's analysi s of meaning does not seem to account for the act of meaning totally in that it does not consider the way of meaning in which we try to give non-linguistic messages by non-lingiuistic expressions, and his basic concepts except "intention" cannot describe the way of meaning in which we try to give linguistic messages by linguistic expressions. However, his basic concepts mentioned above, provide us with advantages in explaning the way meaning in which we try to give over-linguistic messages by linguistic expressions; above all, it seems, without taking into consideration his concept of "intention" no analysis can be done.